Genetically modified organisms in Europe: state of affairs, birth, research, and the regulatory process(es)
European Union
Feb 10, 2023
Europe (EU) has a strict regulatory system for the approval of genetically modified organisms (GMOs). These tough restrictions came into place due to the concept that GMOs have altered genetic material. Decades of the debate have significantly shaped the consumer attitude toward the use of GMOs. At the same time, research work spanning more than two decades has produced results that can be accepted by both the pro and anti-GMO lobbies. This chapter summarizes the progress in the regulatory process on GMOs, the two decades of EU research on GMOs, and the politics and regulation of GMOs in the EU.